Estonian adverbs
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Sign up for freeEstonian adverbs can be divided into the following groups:
Lesson outline
Hide1. Original adverbs
such as:
| English | Estonian |
|---|---|
| then | siis |
| already | juba |
| yet | veel |
| still, ever | ikka |
| again | jälle |
| immediately | kohe |
| yet, only | alles |
| so | nii / nõnda |
| also | ka |
| very | väga |
| much | palju |
| rather | üsna |
| probably | vist |
| certainly | muidugi |
| today | täna |
| tomorrow | homme |
| late | hilja |
| early | vara |
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2. Case-adverbs
which are formed from other words by adding case endings
a) ablative forms of adjectives
| English | Adjective | English | Adverb |
|---|---|---|---|
| serious | tõsine | seriously | tõsiselt |
| rapid, fast | kiire | rapidly | kiirelt |
| sad | kurb | sadly | kurvalt |
| clear | selge | clearly | selgelt |
| exact | täpne | exactly | täpselt |
b) adverbs which are declined in three locative forms (to where? where? from where?)
| English | To where? | At where? | From where? |
|---|---|---|---|
| far away | kaugele | kaugel | kaugelt |
| near | lähedale | lähedal | lähedalt |
| up | üles | ülal | ülalt |
| behind | taha | taga | tagant |
| inside | sisse | sees | seest |
| there | sinna | seal | sealt |
| here | siia | siin | siit |
| somewhere | kuskile | kuskil | kuskilt |
c) other adverbs with case endings:
| English | Estonian |
|---|---|
| hardly | vaevalt |
| only | ainult |
| eventually | lõpuks |
| finally | viimaks |
| accidentally | kogemata |
| in vain | asjata |
3. adverbs with various suffixes
-sti: many adverbs are formed from adjectives by using this ending. It is used to indicate the way in which something is carried out.
| English | Adjective | English | Adverb |
|---|---|---|---|
| glad | rõõmus | gladly | rõõmsasti |
| bad | halb | badly | halvasti |
| new | uus | anew | uuesti |
-ti: this suffix indicates both time and manner
| English | Estonian |
|---|---|
| in the mornings | hommikuti |
| in the summers | suviti |
| recently | hiljuti |
| face-to-face | vastakuti |
| especially | eriti |
-li:
| English | Estonian |
|---|---|
| on one's knees | põlvili |
| halfway, unfinished | pooleli |
| laying down | pikali |
-ldi:
| English | Estonian |
|---|---|
| half-way | pooleldi |
| separately | eraldi |
| readily | meeleldi |
-kesi:
| English | Estonian |
|---|---|
| two together | kahekesi |
| several together | mitmekesi |
| quietly | tasakesi |
-vel, -il:
| English | Estonian |
|---|---|
| awake | ärkvel |
| on the move | liikvel |
| agog | pinevil |