Plural in Turkish
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Sign up for freeThe plural of a noun in Turkish is formed by adding the '-ler' or '-lar' suffxes to the noun. The ending changes according to the vowel harmony rules.
Lesson outline
Hide- 1.Forming plurals
- 2.The indefinite article "bir"
- 3.Exceptions
- 3.1.Numbers as complement
- 3.1.1.Examples
- 3.2.Adjectives
- 3.3.Irregular plurals
- 4.Exercises
- 4.1.Fill in the blank exercise about the plural form
- 4.2.Multiple choice exercise on the plural in Turkish
- 4.3.Fill in the blanks exercise about the irregular plurals
Forming plurals
When the last vowel of the noun is one of the following vowels ( -a ,- ı, -o, -u ), the '-lar' suffix is used and when the last vowel of the noun is one of the vowels (-e,- i, -ö, -ü ) the '-ler' suffix is used.
| Use (-ler, -lar) | the last vowel |
|---|---|
| '-lar' | -a, -ı, -o, -u |
| '-ler' | -e, -i, -ö, -ü |
- Ağaçlar güzel görünüyor. (The trees are looking beautiful.)
- Meyveler çok lezzetli. (The fruits are delicious.)
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Enes B. 
Metin T.
Merve A.
Umit T.
Deniz Y.
Bahar C.
Hakan Y.
Tuğçe K.
Su G.
Hatice Ç.
The indefinite article "bir"
The indefinite article 'bir' has no plural form.
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| bir ev (a house) | evler (the houses) |
| bir elma (an apple) | elmalar (the apples) |
Exceptions
1. Numbers as complement
When a number is placed to count an amount of things, the plural suffix is not used.
Examples
- iki kedi -> two cat(s)
- yirmi ekmek-> twenty bread(s)
- on beş gün -> fifteen day(s)
2. Adjectives
When any of the following adjectives are used as complements before the nouns, the noun doesn't receive the plural suffix.
| Adjectives | Examples |
|---|---|
| çok (a lot of, many) | Çok değişiklik yaptık. (We made a lot of changes.) |
| çok fazla (too many) | Çok fazla kağıt var. (There are too many papers.) |
| az (not many) | Az öğretmen katıldı. (Not many teachers join.) |
| kaç (how many) | Kaç kitabın var? (How many books do you have?) |
| bir miktar (some) | Bir miktar elmam var. (I have some apples.) |
3. Irregular plurals
Exception: There are some words which do not follow the vowel harmony rules:
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| kalp (heart) | kalpler (hearts) |
| saat (hour/clock) | saatler (hours/clocks) |
| harf (letter) | harfler (letters) |
| rol (role) | roller (roles) |
| alkol (alcohol) | alkoller (alcohols) |
| protokol (protocol) | protokoller (protocols) |
| kontrol (control) | kontroller (controls) |
| kabul (accept) | kabuller (acceptances) |
Exercises
- Fill in the blank exercise about the plural form
- Multiple choice exercise on the plural in Turkish
- Fill in the blanks exercise about the irregular plurals
Fill in the blank exercise about the plural form
Multiple choice exercise on the plural in Turkish
Fill in the blanks exercise about the irregular plurals
Exercises
- Fill in the blank exercise about the plural form
- Multiple choice exercise on the plural in Turkish
- Fill in the blanks exercise about the irregular plurals